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Download all versions of QGIS for Mac (QGIS 2.14 to QGIS 3.8.1.1) 2018 - 2019. QGIS-macOS-3.8.1-1.dmg QGIS-macOS-3.6.0-2.dmg QGIS-macOS-3.4.5-2.dmg QGIS-OSX-2.18.28-1.dmg 20-Jan-2019 05:23 283M QGIS-OSX-2.14.21-1.dmg. QGIS is a Free and Open Source Geographic Information System. With this software you can create, edit, visualise, analyse. 누군가 Mac 용 QGIS 1.7.3 설치를 도와주고 단계별 지침을 제공 할 수 있습니까? Mac 용 QGIS 1.8을 이미 설치했지만 1.7.3이 더 원활하게 실행될 것이라고 들었습니다.

• Run Python code when QGIS starts
• Python Applications

This document is intended to work both as a tutorial and a reference guide.While it does not list all possible use cases, it should give a good overviewof the principal functionality.

Starting from 0.9 release, QGIS has optional scripting support using Pythonlanguage. We’ve decided for Python as it’s one of the most favouritelanguages for scripting. PyQGIS bindings depend on SIP and PyQt4. The reasonfor using SIP instead of more widely used SWIG is that the whole QGIS codedepends on Qt libraries. Python bindings for Qt (PyQt) are done also usingSIP and this allows seamless integration of PyQGIS with PyQt.

There are several ways how to use Python bindings in QGIS desktop, they are coveredin detail in the following sections:

• automatically run Python code when QGIS starts
• issue commands in Python console within QGIS
• create and use plugins in Python
• create custom applications based on QGIS API

Python bindings are also available for QGIS Server:

• starting from 2.8 release, Python plugins are also available on QGIS Server (see: Server Python Plugins)
• starting from 2.11 version (Master at 2015-08-11), QGIS Server library has Python bindings that can be used to embed QGIS Server into a Python application.

There is a complete QGIS API reference that documentsthe classes from the QGIS libraries. Pythonic QGIS API is nearly identicalto the API in C++.

A good resource when dealing with plugins is to download some plugins fromplugin repository and examine their code.Also, the python/plugins/ folder in your QGIS installation containssome plugin that you can use to learn how to develop such plugin and how toperform some of the most common tasks.

There are two distinct methods to run Python code every time QGIS starts.

You can run Python code just before QGIS initialization completes by setting thePYQGIS_STARTUP environment variable to the path of an existing Python file.

This method is something you will probably rarely need, but worth mentioning herebecause it is one of the several ways to run Python code within QGIS and becausethis code will run before QGIS initialization is complete. This method isvery useful for cleaning sys.path, which may have undesireable paths, or forisolating/loading the initial environ without requiring a virt env, e.g.homebrew or MacPorts installs on Mac.

Every time QGIS starts, the user’s Python home directory (usually:.qgis2/python) is searched for a file named startup.py, if that file exists,it is executed by the embedded Python interpreter.

For scripting, it is possible to take advantage of integrated Python console.It can be opened from menu: Plugins ‣ Python Console.The console opens as a non-modal utility window:

The screenshot above illustrates how to get the layer currently selectedin the layer list, show its ID and optionally, if it is a vector layer,show the feature count. For interaction with QGIS environment, there is aiface variable, which is an instance of QgsInterface.This interface allows access to the map canvas, menus, toolbars and otherparts of the QGIS application.

For convenience of the user, the following statements are executed whenthe console is started (in future it will be possible to set further initialcommands)

For those which use the console often, it may be useful to set a shortcutfor triggering the console (within menu Settings ‣ Configureshortcuts...)

QGIS allows enhancement of its functionality using plugins. Thiswas originally possible only with C++ language. With the addition of Pythonsupport to QGIS, it is also possible to use plugins written in Python.The main advantage over C++ plugins is its simplicity of distribution (nocompiling for each platform needed) and easier development.

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Many plugins covering various functionality have been written since theintroduction of Python support. The plugin installer allows users to easilyfetch, upgrade and remove Python plugins. See the Python Plugin Repositories page for varioussources of plugins.

Creating plugins in Python is simple, see Developing Python Plugins for detailedinstructions.

Note

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Python plugins are also available in QGIS server (QGIS as OGC Data Server),see QGIS Server Python Plugins for further details.

Often when processing some GIS data, it is handy to create some scripts forautomating the process instead of doing the same task again and again.With PyQGIS, this is perfectly possible — import the qgis.coremodule, initialize it and you are ready for the processing.

Or you may want to create an interactive application that uses some GISfunctionality — measure some data, export a map in PDF or any otherfunctionality. The qgis.gui module additionally brings various GUIcomponents, most notably the map canvas widget that can be very easilyincorporated into the application with support for zooming, panning and/orany further custom map tools.

PyQGIS custom applications or standalone scripts must be configured to locatethe QGIS resources such as projection information, providers for reading vectorand raster layers, etc. QGIS Resources are initialized by adding a few lines tothe beginning of your application or script. The code to initialize QGIS forcustom applications and standalone scripts is similar, but examples of each areprovided below.

Note: do not use qgis.py as a name for your test script — Pythonwill not be able to import the bindings as the script’s name will shadow them.

To start a standalone script, initialize the QGIS resources at the beginning ofthe script similar to the following code:

We begin by importing the qgis.core module and then configuring theprefix path. The prefix path is the location where QGIS is installed on yoursystem. It is configured in the script by calling the setPrefixPathmethod. The second argument of setPrefixPath is set to True,which controls whether the default paths are used.

The QGIS install path varies by platform; the easiest way to find it for youryour system is to use the Python Console from within QGISand look at the output from running QgsApplication.prefixPath().

After the prefix path is configured, we save a reference to QgsApplicationin the variable qgs. The second argument is set to False, whichindicates that we do not plan to use the GUI since we are writing a standalonescript. With the QgsApplication configured, we load the QGIS data providersand layer registry by calling the qgs.initQgis() method. With QGISinitialized, we are ready to write the rest of the script. Finally, we wrap upby calling qgs.exitQgis() to remove the data providers and layerregistry from memory.

The only difference between Using PyQGIS in standalone scripts and a custom PyQGISapplication is the second argument when instantiating the QgsApplication.Pass True instead of False to indicate that we plan to use a GUI.

Now you can work with QGIS API — load layers and do some processing or fireup a GUI with a map canvas. The possibilities are endless :-)

You will need to tell your system where to search for QGIS libraries andappropriate Python modules if they are not in a well-known location —otherwise Python will complain:

This can be fixed by setting the PYTHONPATH environment variable. Inthe following commands, qgispath should be replaced with your actualQGIS installation path:

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• on Linux: export PYTHONPATH=/qgispath/share/qgis/python
• on Windows: set PYTHONPATH=c:qgispathpython

The path to the PyQGIS modules is now known, however they depend on qgis_coreand qgis_gui libraries (the Python modules serve only as wrappers).Path to these libraries is typically unknown for the operating system, soyou get an import error again (the message might vary depending on the system):

Fix this by adding the directories where the QGIS libraries reside to searchpath of the dynamic linker:

• on Linux: export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/qgispath/lib
• on Windows: set PATH=C:qgispath;%PATH%

These commands can be put into a bootstrap script that will take care ofthe startup. When deploying custom applications using PyQGIS, there areusually two possibilities:

• require user to install QGIS on his platform prior to installing yourapplication. The application installer should look for default locationsof QGIS libraries and allow user to set the path if not found. Thisapproach has the advantage of being simpler, however it requires userto do more steps.
• package QGIS together with your application. Releasing the applicationmay be more challenging and the package will be larger, but the user willbe saved from the burden of downloading and installing additional piecesof software.

The two deployment models can be mixed - deploy standalone application onWindows and Mac OS X, for Linux leave the installation of QGIS up to userand his package manager.

This tutorial presupposes you have installed QGIS for Mac. If not, full instructions and downloads are available on the KyngChaos page. Obtaining a GIS package from a website called “kyngchaos” sounds dodgy, rest assured that it is the method approved by the QGIS developers themselves.

You may have already performed some of these steps; there is no need to repeat them if you have done so.

1. Install Homebrew for mac if you have not done so already. Homebrew has great utility beyond QGIS.
2. Install wine using homebrew brew install wine
3. Install XQuartz. XQuartz is a windowing system (if you know unix, it’s X) for Mac. If you are using an old Mac, it is probably already installed, but updating to the new version will not hurt. XQuartz is required because it is used as the windowing system for Microsoft Windows and Linux applications.
4. Download and unzip lastools. Remember where you unzipped it.
5. You’re almost done. Start QGIS. Select Processing/Options. In the Providers section scroll to “Tools for LiDAR Data”. Fill out the blanks:

• LASTools folder: pathtolastoolsdirectory
• Wine Folder: usrlocalbin

Note: this is the default directory for the homebrew wine installation. If you want to check to make sure it’s correct, open a terminal (ie, Terminal app) and type: which wine The output will tell you what to type in the box. Remove the ‘wine’ part of the entry.

1. Restart QGIS. When you open the toolbox, you should have all the LAStools available in your toolbox.

Note: When you open one of the LAStools for the first time you will see a large number of error messages, etc. These are from wine and can be safely ignored.

Subsequent tool usage will be faster and have fewer errors, but there may still be some. If there are errors, they can be safely ignored as long as the LAStools are functioning.

Another note: When using some of the LAStools (like lasviewer), you will note that the processing toolbox dialogue does not disappear, making it look like QGIS has crashed. This is not the case – the wine window (ie, that which is displaying the lidar data) is part of the tool, and the processing dialogue box will close once you close the lidar window.

New for QGIS 3.x

LASTools are no longer enabled by default. To enable LASTools, follow these steps:

1. Go to Plugins/Manage and Install Plugins
2. Search for LASTools and install the plugin
3. Once that’s done, LASTools (as opposed to “Tools for LiDAR Data”) will appear in the Processing Options, where you must check the “enable” button and follow the steps above.